Patients often delay a root canal because of what they have heard about it. In practice, the procedure is done under local anaesthesia and is usually more comfortable than the toothache that led to it.
Why a root canal is needed
Inside every tooth is a soft core of nerve and blood vessels called the pulp. When deep decay, a crack or repeated dental work lets bacteria reach the pulp, it becomes inflamed or infected. That causes lingering pain, sensitivity to heat, or swelling — and it will not resolve on its own.
A root canal removes the infected pulp and seals the space, letting you keep the natural tooth instead of extracting it.
The procedure, step by step
- A digital dental X-ray confirms the diagnosis and shows the root anatomy
- The area is numbed with local anaesthesia
- An access opening is made and the infected pulp is removed
- The canals are cleaned, shaped and disinfected
- The canals are sealed and the tooth is filled
- A crown is usually fitted afterwards to protect the tooth from fracture
Does it hurt?
The treatment itself is done under anaesthesia, so you should feel pressure rather than pain. Mild tenderness for a few days afterwards is normal and is usually managed with routine pain relief. Severe or increasing pain after treatment should be reported to your dentist.
Aftercare
- Avoid chewing hard food on the treated side until the permanent restoration is placed
- Complete any prescribed medication as advised
- Keep the follow-up appointment for the crown — an unprotected treated tooth can fracture
- Maintain regular brushing, flossing and six-monthly check-ups
Frequently asked questions
- How many visits does a root canal take?
- Many cases are completed in one or two visits, depending on the tooth, the level of infection and whether a crown is being made.
- Do I really need a crown after a root canal?
- For most back teeth, yes. A treated tooth becomes more brittle, and a crown protects it from cracking under chewing forces.
This article is general health information and does not replace a personal medical consultation. Please speak to a qualified clinician about your own symptoms.
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